Stove.



E. V. COULSTON.

STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.4. I9I3.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Hummm Ummm] E. V. CUULSTON.

STOVE.

APPLICATION mo JAN.4. 1913.

tedSept. 7,' 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' suitably mounted the oven B, Fig. 3, at one TUNE ran nro.

naar. v. coULs'roN, or CLEVELAND, omo.

STOVE.

4invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so 4as to distinguish it from other inventions.

My invention relates to stoves and particularly that type of stove which is adapted for use either as a coal stove or al gas stove.

The object of the invention is to combine in one structure the two above named types of stoves in the most economical and efficient manner.'

4As is well known to those skilledin the art, great care must be exercised in design-y ing a stove and especially in so far as concerns the upper liueor duct leadingfrom `the iire box,'in order to obtain the most favorable conditions for maintaining' the proper draft.v

A specific object of my invention therefore, is to combine aa coal burning with a gas burning stove in such a manner as to permit of the proper cross-sectional area of the ducts, also at the same time refrain from increasing unnecessarily the horizontal dimensions of the stove, and furthermore to combine a maximum number of gas stove holes with the coal v\stove holes.

The said invention consists of means hereinafter fully described and particularly set forth in the claims.

The annexed drawings and the following description set forth in detail certain means embodying my invention, the' disclosed means, however, constituting but one of .various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be applied.

In said 4annexed drawings:-Figu're 1 represents -a plan of a stove embodying my invention, in which the lids and other removableparts of the top plate are shown removed.` Fig.v 2 represents a vertical, fragmentary transverse section taken? upon the plane indicated by line II-II in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a vertical longitudinal sec. tion f the -stoveftaken upon the plane indicated by line III-III of Fig. l.

The illustratedv embodiment of my `invention comprises a mainframe -A in which is Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 7, i915.

Application filed January 4, 1913. Serial No. 740,182.

side oflwhich latter is provided the fire-box C. The general structure in so far as concerns the above named elements forms no part of my present invention-and a further description thereof willtherefore 'be omitted.

Leading from the upper portion of the fire-box, above the oven and below the upper lportion of the main frameis a d uct D, substantially co-extensive with 'that part of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the stove y exclusive of the firebox. In the rear wall of the main frame is an opening a which communicates with the inlet opening e of one of two branches e of 'a main outlet-flue E by means of a short intermediateI duct af, as shown in Fig. l. This opening a which is limited on the right-hand side by a shortwall e, Fig. l, extending into the duct D, may be opened or closed at will by means of a sliding damper F to which is suitably secured a rod f having a handle j projecting above the upper surface'of the stove through a suitable slot f2, whereby said damper may, in the usual manner, be manipulated from the exterior. It will be seen therefore that the products of combustion emanating from 'the fire-box may, when the damper is open,

. ucts of combustion may be applied to the utensils which it is desired to heat. Also as in the ordinary stove all of the upper surface of the stove adjacent to the said duct D and fire-box is heated in the usual manner. l

In addition to the apertures a2, there are provided additional apertures` a* a4 in the top plate of the main frame. ,In the 1llus trated example four of these apertures are provided and suitable lids a5 are supplied for closing same when desired, in the usual manner., Below each of these latter apertures is placed a gas burner G, shown 1n Fig. 1.-* These burners are connected 1n the usual manner by means of sultable pipes with a source of gas supply, the introductlon of the gas being controlled by the usual valves gg. Thesev buimers are surrounded by partitions h2 orminga chamber-H whose walls project into the duct D as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. This chamber H communi'- cates at l1, with a duct l1. formed by walls h3 depending from the upper part of the stove -Y and separating said duct" L from the duct 'will be understood. The partitions forming this separate chamber are all formed by one single integral structure which depends from the top plate and is permanently secured with reference thereto in any suitable and accepted manner. v

It will be noted from the above description and from thedrawings that the chamber H consists of two-parts, the right-hand part which extends parallel with the righthand .side of the stove and a central part which projects at right-angles with said first-named part and in a direction opposite that of the movement of the gases of Colnbustion from the fire-box C through the duct D and which divides the major portion of the latter into two branches. The first part of said chamber contains two gas burners and the second part likewise two gas burners. In order to interfere with the passage of the gas through the duct D to the least possible extent, the left-hand ends of the walls h2 of the second-named part of the chamber H converge, as shown bythe dotted lines in Fig. 1. As also shown. these walls lie between the two right-hand coal stove holes a2 and hence do not interfere with the function of thelatter.

It will be noted also that the chamber H extends only partly beyond the right-hand end vof the vertical walls A of the main frame of the stove, the major portion of the vchamber extending into the said duct D.

-The righ-hand end of this latter duct .is

formed by the bottom ofthe chamber H and by a beveled portion B of the'upper walls of the oven B, as shown in F ig. 3. This forms a short downwardly inclined portion of said duct D which communicates with the down flue N formed, between the right-hand wall A of the stove and the oven, the bottom of this flue communicating 'with the horizontal flue N which communicates with the up flue L2 by means of an opening n, the

upper end of flue L2 communicating withy the branch e of the main Hue E, as shown.

The Heft-hand end of the flue or duct D increases in vertical dimension from the outlet-opening c of the lire-box toward the right, as shown in Fig. l, such result being obtained by the use of a downwardly inclined casting B2 formingy the bottom of the left-hand end of said duct. struction and the increase of area of the right-hand end of duct D efected bythe use of the beveled corner of theoven', I obtain a cross-sectional area of duct D uniform throughout and I make such area substantially equal to the area of opening e.

Formed integrally with the depending walls 7a2 of said chamber, and upon the in'- terior thereofI is a ledge h upon which rests a removable horizontal partition consisting of two separableplates lr* and h5, which divides the said chamber into an upper and a lower compartment. The lower compartment communicates with the atmosphere by means of an opening It?, Fig. 3, atmospheric air being thus supplied for the combustion of thev gas discharged from the burners. The plates 7b4 and h5 are provided with openings LS immediately above the burners By such conwhereby the gas may be discharged` into the upper compartment, a suiiicient space being left between the burner and the sides of the opening to admit of a proper quantity of air for combustion purposes. The plate h5 is formed with an upwardly projecting portion-b9, Figs. 1 and 3, which forms a part of the surrounding walls of the chamber H. This portion it is used in this particular instance in order to provide a less direct dis l charge of gases of combustion into the duct 7i from that portion of the chamber H immediately adjacent to the opening h. This portion yis furthermore made a part of the removable plate h5 so that upon the removal of the latter the opening into duct h may be correspondingly enlarged so as to facilitate access'thereto for cleaning or other purposes, it being apparent from the construction, as shown in Fig. 1, that such removal of portion hg removes any angles in the duct h from which it might be difficult to remove dirt or other deposits.

The other two burners which are located nearest the opening `71, are provided with defiectors h1 which are interposed between the combustion zones thereof and said openings. These deflectors consist of upwardly projecting lugs cast integrally with the plate h4 and cause the products of combustion to take a devious path in their travel toward the opening lz, thus contributing to the conservation of the heat containedin such products in their application for heating purposes, as will be readily understood.

From the above construction it will be noted that that portion of the stoves interior which immediately surrounds the gas burin' burners are therefore protected against any deleterious action .which such products of combustion might otherwise exert by their immediate contact with same, and a longer life of said burners is thereby assured. In addition protection is thus afforded against the clogging of the gas apertures in the burners from the soot and other solid particles contained in said gases of combustion. When the fire-box is in use the damper e4 is placed in its closing position so as not to offer any inducement for the gases from said lire-box to enter into the chamber H through any crevces that necessarily may exist in its walls. When the fire-box is not in use and the gas burners are, then the opening a is closed by means of the damper F.

I am fully aware that combined coal and gas burning stoves in which inclosed chambers located in the top flues and containing gas burners have been used, but heretofore, the construction andarrangement of the parts of these stove tops have been such as to materially interfere with the proper operation thereof and particularly in so far as concerned the passage of the gases of combustion from the {ire-box. These diiiculties have presented themselves particularly in connection with the upper horizontal flue leading directly from the lire-box for the reason that it is necessary in making a combined coal and gas burning stove to have the gas burners and the chamber surrounding same at the top of the stove and hence necessarily in the same horizontal plane with the said flue. In these prior constructions the combination of these two fuels either resulted first in the extending the stove laterally to such a distance as permitted the chamber surrounding the gas burners to be entirely removed .from the passage of the gases of combustion from the fire-box; or second, in restricting the cross-sectional area of the upper draft iiue or passage; or third, in the formation of enlarged spaces increasing at such points the cross-sectional area of such flue or passage.

In the first-described construction and where the said chamber was entirely removed from the path of the gases, the result was an objectionably long stove, taking up valuable room, a characteristic which was objectionable particularly from the fact that owing to the restricted size of the modern kitchen the taking up of'such room was found to be a disadvantage. In the seconddescribed construction the cross-sectional area of the flue or passage was so reduced at points as to decrease the draft and thus interfere with the proper functioning of the stove. In the third-described construction a similar impeding of the draft resulted from the formation of eddies and adverse currents in the enlarged portions or pools. In my improved construction it will be noted that the chamber surrounding the gas burners extends into the upper flue or passage and directly in the passage of the gases the direction toward the fire-box and between the left-hand two coal stove holes, I am enabled to provide two additional gas stove holes without interfering with the functioning of the adjacent coal stove holes. The obstruction of the left-hand end of the said chamber to the iow of the gases of combustion through the upper flue or passage is reduced to a minimum by converging the walls of thls part of this chamber, as has been previously described.

It has been found from practical experience that a given fire-box requires an outlet for its gases of combustion of a given crosssectional area, and the lines or passages leading from this opening and for conducting away the gases of combustion should be` uniformly of cross-sectional area substantlally equal to the area of this opening. Bv adopting the location of thev gas burnei1 chamber as I have described it, imparting to the upper part of the oven the beveled or inclined structure so as to give the righthand end of duct D the required area, by increasing the height of the left hand end by means of the inclined bottom-member B; it will be readily seen that the vertical dimensions of the upper Hue or passage D may be made such as to produce said uniformity of cross-sectional area, the amount of bevelingbeing made such as to compensate for the space occupied by the gas burner chamber at the right-hand endof the upper Hue or passage. Of course there is no difficulty in connection with the remaining flues or passages of the stove inasmuch as these are ordinarily so located that the abovedescribed diiliculties are not met.

By means of the above-described novel construction and arrangement of parts I am enabled to construct a stove having four gas cooking openings and an equal number of coal fire cooking openings all permanently in the stove regardless of whether gas or coal is being used simultaneously or separately, without interference of any kind with each others functions and without moving any of the parts. This full complement of cooking holes is provided without unduly increasing the dimensions of the stove and thus saving room as previously described.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a combined coal and gas stove, the

combination of an upper space; a fire-box; outlet flues; a chamber containing gas burners and projecting into said space; another part of said space forming a duct connecting said fire-box and flues and adjacent to said chamber; a part of. the latter extending transversely of said space at one end thereof and another part of said chamber extending longitudinally toward said fire-box; that part of said duct adjacent to said transversely extending chamber part being downwardly inclined; the end of such chamber part Which extends toward saidl'ire-box decreasing in cross-sectional area as it approaches same; that part of said duct adjacent to such Varying chambenend increasing in depth as it recedes from the fire-box; whereby the cross-sectional area of said duct is maintained substantially constant.

throughout.

2. In a combined coal and gas stove, the combinationpf an upper space; a fire-box;

outlet ues; a chamber containing gas burners and projecting into said space; said chamber comprising a transverse and a lon gitudinal portion, said transverse portion being located at the end of the stove opposite the tire-box and the longitudinal portion projecting toward'the latter; another portion of said space forming a duct connecting said fire-box and outlet flues and adjacent to said chamber; a dimension of that part of said duct adjacent to such .parts of said chamber as are of diiierent cross-sectional area varying in accordance .With such change of area; whereby the cross-sectional area of said duct is maintained substantially constant.

Signed by me, this 2nd day of January,

, EARL V. COULSTON.

Attested by WM. R. MILLER, D. FINDLING. 

